Under the background of the continuous development of modern medical technology, balloon dilatation catheters have become an indispensable tool in vascular interventional surgery. The choice of its material is directly related to the safety, durability and functionality of the catheter, and plays a key role in the success or failure of the operation.
The main part of the balloon dilatation catheter is the balloon, and its material has evolved from the initial rubber to today's polymer materials. At present, the mainstream balloon materials on the market are polyamide (PA) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Polyamide materials have good elasticity and wear resistance, can maintain stable shape while withstanding high pressure, and are suitable for occasions requiring high tensile strength. Polyethylene terephthalate is favored for its excellent fatigue resistance and chemical stability, and is particularly suitable for long-term implantation in the body.
The main part of the catheter is usually made of polyurethane (PU) or polyethylene (PE) materials. Polyurethane materials can reduce irritation to the blood vessel wall and reduce surgical risks due to their excellent biocompatibility and elasticity. Polyethylene can adapt to complex vascular pathways with its good flexibility and ductility.
In addition, in order to improve the visualization effect of the catheter and facilitate accurate operation by doctors under X-rays, the surface of the catheter is usually coated with a coating containing barium salts or iodine. This coating not only improves the visibility of the catheter, but also enhances its biosafety.
In addition to the above materials, some high-end balloon dilatation catheters may also use composite coating technology, such as drug coating. This type of coating can directly apply drugs to the lesion while the balloon is dilated, achieving the dual effects of treating and preventing vascular restenosis.
In short, the material selection of balloon dilatation catheters is the result of comprehensive considerations from many aspects. It not only affects the safety and effect of the operation, but also represents the advanced level of medical technology.